Imbogamizi mu guhererekanya amafaranga hifashishijwe ikoranabuhanga

Ishyirahamwe ry’Amabanki mu Rwanda riravuga ko riremerewe n’ikiguzi cyo kubungabunga amafaranga ahererekanywa mu ntoki yaba inoti cyangwa ibiceri,  kuko nka banki 5 gusa zitakaza miliyari 6 buri mwaka. 

Banki Nkuru y’u Rwanda yavuze ko bitarenze 2024 hazaba habonetse igisubizo kirambye kuri iki kibazo. 

Guhererekanya amafaranga hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga bikorwa hifashishijwe uburyo bunyuranye burimo Mobile Banking, Internet Banking, utumashini n'amakarita bizwi nka POS (Points Of Sells) ndetse n'ubundi bukoresha ikoranabuhanga rya QR Code.

Kwishyura no guhererekanya amafaranga hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga, byahawe umwanya wihariye mu rwego rw'imari mu Rwanda. Bamwe mu bacuruzi n’abaguzi bemeza ko bamaze kumva akamaro kabyo n'ubwo ngo hari abagiseta ibirenge.

Mu gihe ubu mu Rwanda ubuso burenga 95% bugerwaho n'ihuzanzira rya telefoni rizwi nka reseau cyangwa network mu ndimi z'amahanga, guhererekanya amafaranga hakoreshejwe telefone, ni bwo buryo bugera ku mubare munini w’abaturage, kuko kugeza ubu abasaga miliyoni 4 babukoresha. Cyakora mu minsi ishize, sosiyete ya MTN imwe mu zitanga izo serivisi yatunzwe agatoki nyuma yo kuvuga ko umukiliya wayo atagomba kwakira amafaranga inshuro zirenze 10. 

Umuyobozi ushinzwe serivisi ya MoMo muri iyi sosiyete Rutagengwa Arthur, avuga ko icyo cyemezo cyafashwe mu rwego rwo kurengera abafatabuguzi ba MoMo.

Yagize ati "Hari ibyo twabonye twita 'suspicious' transactions: Iyo usanze umuntu mbere ya lockdown yarakoreshaga tuvuge urugero ibihumbi 30, nyuma ya lockdown arimo arakoresha hafi miliyoni 100! Harya izo yazikuyehe muri iki gihe kandi byitwa ko amafaranga yagabanutse muri circulation? Ariko icyo nasaba Abanyarwanda ni ukubaburira bakirinda abari muri ibi bikorwa byo guhererekanya amafaranga bitemewe babyirinde." 

Banki Nkuru y’u Rwanda (BNR) ivuga ko kudakoresha ikoranabuhanga mu guhererekanya amafaranga bitera igihombo kingana na 6% mu bucuruzi mu gihe kurikoresha bituma icyo gihombo kigabanuka kikagera kuri 2%. 

Uretse ku bacuruzi n’abaguzi, ngo gukoresha inoti n’ibiceri bitwara banki y’igihugu abarirwa hagati ya miliyari 2 na 3 buri mwaka. Yose agenda ku bikorwa byo gusimbuza inoti zishaje cyangwa gukora ibiceri n’indi mirimo yo kuyabungabunga utabariyemo imishahara y’abakozi. 

Ishyirahamwe ry’Amabanki mu Rwanda na ryo rivuga ko kwimakaza ikoranabuhanga mu guhererekanya amafaranga byagabanyiriza amabanki umutwaro wo kubungabunga inoti n’ibiceri zikoresha.

Robin Bairstow ni umuyobozi wa I&M Bank, ni na we uyoboye ishyirahamwe ry’amabanki mu Rwanda, yagize ati "Uramutse ufashe nka banki 5 za mbere, usanga uko ari 5 nyine zikoresha miliyari 6 mu mirimo yo kwita ku mafaranga byaba ubwikorezi bwayo hagati yacu na banki nkuru y'igihugu. Nk'iyo umuntu aje muri banki akishyura cash cyangwa akeneye gutwara mu ntoki amafaranga menshi, hari kompanyi dukorana nazo tuba tugomba kuzishyura, hari serivisi duhabwa na kompanyi nka Intersec."

Yunzemo ati "Ibyo byose ni amafaranga yishyurwa kandi kugeza ubu yose ari ku mutwe wa za banki kuko ni zo ziyishyura. Ubirebeye mu ndorerwamo y'ubucuruzi rero, usanga tubashije kugabanya umubare w'abafaranga akoreshwa mu buryo bwa kashi abakiliya bakitabira uburyo bwa 'cashless' byafasha urwego rw'imari kuzigama amafaranga atari make."

Muri banki z’ubucuruzi 16 zikorera mu Rwanda, 15 ni zo zikoresha uburyo bwa Mobile Banking, butuma umukiliya wa banki abitsa akanabikuza akoresheje telefone ye igendanwa. Kugeza ubu iri koranabuhanga rikoreshwa n’ababarirwa muri miliyoni 2 bavuye ku bihumbi 155 mu myaka 10 ishize, mu gihe amafaranga ahererekanywa hifashishijwe ubu buryo yavuye kuri miliyari 5 agera kuri miliyari 85.  

Ni mu gihe kandi banki 13 zikoresha uburyo bwa Internet Banking, ikoranabuhanga rikoreshwa n’abacuruzi cyangwa ibigo by’ubucuruzi bibarirwa mu bihumbi 100 mu bikorwa byo guhererekanya amafaranga. Umwaka ushize wa 2019 warangiye hahererekanyijwe abarirwa muri miliyari ibihumbi bibiri binyuze muri ubu buryo bwa Internet banking.

Mu gihe ibikorwa byo guhererekanya amafaranga arenze miliyoni 5 bikorwa hifashishijwe ikoranabuhanga ryitwa RIPPS, buri mwaka amafaranga agera muri miliyari ibihumbi 10 z’amanyarwanda ahererekanywa binyuze muri ubu buryo bukoreshwa cyane cyane na za banki n'abakiliya bazo banini.

N'ubwo bimeze gutya ariko, ikoranabuhanga rya RIPPS rikora iminsi 5 gusa mu cyumweru kandi nabwo rigakora amasaha atarenze 8 ku munsi. Ibi bituma hitabazwa impapuro zirimo na sheke mu kwishyurana.

Umuyobozi ushinzwe iterambere rya serivisi zo guhererekanya amafaranga muri  BNR, John Karamuka avuga ko hari imishinga 2 igamije gukuraho imbogamizi zikidindiza gahunda ya cashless.

Ati "Nagira ngo mvuge yuko hari ikintu turi gukora gikomeye cyane kizafasha kugabanya umubare wa za sheke cyangwa se n'izindi mpapuro zigikoreshwa mu buryo bwo kwishyurana. Icyo rero BNR iri gukora ni uko hari icyo iri kongera kuri iyo system kugira ngo ibashe gukora amasaha 24/24. Ariko noneho izindi serivisi zo kwishyurana amafaranga make, hari undi mushinga dufite wo guhuza za sacco, za microfinances, za banki. ku buryo niba uri muri airtel ushobora koherereza uri muri mtn cyangwa se uri muri banki akoherereza uri muri sacco, na byo ni ibindi bikorwa remezo twumva bizafasha abantu kubona izo serivisi vuba cyane kandi byihuse." 

BNR ivuga ko mu mezi 2 ashize, amafaranga yahererekanyijwe hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga yikubye inshuro 3, ibintu bifitanye isano n’icyemezo cyo kuvanaho ikiguzi cyo guhererekanya amafaranga hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga mu rwego rwo kwirinda icyorezo cya COVID19. 

Divin UWAYO