Tariki 13 Kamena 1994: Umunyamakuru wa France Inter yavuze uko Bagosora yatanze intwaro i Nyarubuye

Mu bice FPR-INKOTANYI yagendaga yigarurira ihagarika Jenoside, abanyamakuru n’abakozi bo mu miryango mpuzamahanga itari iya Leta bashoboye kugendana n’ingabo zayo bagakora akazi kabo muri ibyo bice uko babyifuza. Bamwe muribo batunguwe n’uburemere bwa Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi bakora inyandiko n’ibiganiro byagaragaje amateka mabi ya Jenoside n’ubukana yakoranywe. Daniel Mermet ni umwe muribo wagaragaje ukuri. Naho Guverinoma y’abicanyi, mu gihe Jenoside yari irimbanyije, yagejeje mu Rwanda intwaro zaguzwe na Colonel Bagosora zivuye muri Seychelles zizanwa n’indege ya gisilikare ya Kongo.

1)   Daniel MERMET, UMUNYAMUKURU WA RADIYO FRANCE INTER YAKOZE IKIGANIRO CY’IMINSI ICUMI (10) KURI JENOSIDE NDENGAKAMERE YABONYE I NYARUBUYE

Daniel Mermet ni umunyamakuru w’Umufransa wakoreraga imwe muri Radiyo zikomeye yo muri icyo gihugu yitwa France Inter. Ku wa 27 Gicurasi 1994, Daniel Mermet yageze i Nyarubuye ari kumwe na mugenzi we Jérôme Bastion ukorera Radio Mpuzamahanga y’Ubufransa (RFI). Bageze kuri Paruwasi gatorika ya Nyarubuye, bumijwe n’ubwocanyi ndengakamere bahasanze, aho babonye imibiri y’Abatutsi bishwe yari ikiva amaraso, indi iriho ishwanyagurika, iribwa n’imbwa. Batunguwe ariko no kuhasanga umwana w’umukobwa w’imyaka 13 witwa Valentine warokotse ubwo bwicanyi mu buryo budasanzwe.

Daniel Mermet na Jérôme Bastion baganiriye birambuye na Valentine babifashijwemo n’umusemuzi nawe warokokeye i Nyarubuye, Gaspard Ngarambe, wigaga icyo gihe mu Iseminari Nkuru ya Nyakibanda, Jenoside ikaba yaramusanze mu biruhuko i Nyarubuye. Amajwi y’ubuhamya bwa Valentine yavuyemo ibiganiro birebire byamaze igihe kandi bituma amateka ya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi amenyekana mu mahanga.

Guhera ku wa 13/6/1994 kugeza ku wa 22/6/1994, Daniel Mermet mu kiganiro yayoboraga kuri radiyo France Inter cyitwa Là-Bas si J’y Suis cyacaga buri munsi kuri radiyo France Inter hagati ya saa cyenda z’amanywa na saa kumi n’imwe yahitishije ibiganiro by’amateka yabonye i Nyarubuye, ashingiye ku buhamya bwa Valentine. Ubu buhamya bwakoze abantu benshi ku mutima, bifasha kumenya ubukana Abatutsi bishwemo.

Daniel Mermet yanaboneyeho gutanga ibisobanuro by’amateka byumvikanisha uko Jenoside yateguwe n’uko yakozwe. Icyo gihe mu Bufransa abenshi ntibari babizi ndetse abayipfobya baratangiye kugoreka amateka ya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi.

Nta n’ubwo byari byoroshye kuvugira kuri Radiyo France Inter amakuru nk’ayo kuko ari Radiyo ihabwa inkunga na Leta y’Ubufransa kandi umurongo iyo Leta yari ifite muri 1994 wari uwo kutagaragaza isura nyayo ya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi no kutavuga nabi Guverinoma yayikoze n’ingabo zayo.

Hari ubuhamya bwatanzwe n’umunyamakuru Philippe Boisserie wakoreraga Televiziyo ya Leta France 2 mu nyandiko yasohotse mu kinyamakuru Les Temps Modernes cyo muri Kanama 1995 asobanura ko iby’amabwiriza Televiziyo, Radiyo n’ibinyamakuru byandikwa bya Leta mu Bufransa byari byahawe byo guhisha ukuri kuri Jenoside yakorerwaga Abatutsi.

 Philippe Boisserie yitanzeho urugero avuga ko ku itariki 10/4/1994 yoherejwe mu Rwanda aherekeje abasilikare b’Ubufransa muri operation yiswe Amaryllis, ahabwa amabwiriza yo kutazigera atangaza amakuru arebana n’ubwicanyi, ko ikimujyanye ari ukuvuga gusa ku ngabo z’Ubufransa no ku bijyanye n’uburyo abanyamahanga bari mu Rwanda bariho bacyurwa iwabo n’indege z’amahanga zari zaje kubatwara.

Yabyanditse muri aya magambo :

« Kuki banyohereje mu Rwanda ? Amabwiriza nahawe n’ubuyobozi bwanjye ntiyacaga ku ruhande. Nari noherejwe gukurikirana gusa ibijyanye no gucyura abanyamahanga, by’umwihariko abafransa. Gucuyura Abafransa niyo yari intego ; abanyarwanda ntibari bitaweho ; ku bwanjye kikaba ari ikintu cyambabje. Umwe mu bayobozi banjye muri serivisi y’itangazamakuru, usanzwe uzwiho kudaca ibintu ku ruhande, yarambwiye ngo : ugiye gukurikirana amakuru ajyanye no gucyura abanyamahanga baba mu Rwanda, byarangira ukagaruka. Ntabwo tukohereje gukurikirana no gutangaza amakuru ajyanye n’abirabura bicana hagati yabo. Uko biri kose, ubwo bwicanyi ntawe ubwitayeho. »

Daniel Mermet we yanze kubahiriza ayo mabwiriza yo kwirengagiza Jenoside no guceceka. Yabitewe n’ubukana bwa Jenoside yabonye i Nyarubuye n’ubumuntu yagize abonye akababaro Valentine wacitse ku icumu yahuye nako, n’ubugome ndengakamere yakorewe. Daniel Mermet yafashe ubuhamya bw’abacitse ku icumu yasanze i Nyarubuye, yiyemeza kujya agaruka kenshi mu Rwanda no gutangaza amateka uko yayabonye.

Ubu butwari bwe bwatumye benshi basobanukirwa kuko Abafransa batari bake bari bazi ko ibyabaye mu Rwanda ari intambara hagati y’amoko. Ni bake bari bazi ko ari Jenoside.

Mu gihe tuvuga ubutwari bwa Daniel Mermet, twanashima abandi banyamakuru bagenzi be bagaragaje ukuri kwa Jenoside uko guteye, cyane cyane mu Bufransa kandi bitari byoroshye. Twavuga : Laure De Vulpian (France Culture), Patrick De Saint Exupery (Le Figaro), Monique Mass (RFI), Maria Malagardis na Agnes Rotivel (La Croix), Jean Chatain (L’humanité), Jean-Philippe Ceppi na Alain Frilet (Libération), Jean-François Dupaquier (L’Evènement du Jeudi), Laurent Bijard (Le Nouvel Observateur), Vincent Hugeux (L’Express), Alain Frilet (Libération), Madeleine Mukamabano na Theogene Karabayinga (RFI), n’abandi…

Mu Bubiligi, hari : Marie France Cros (La Libre Belgique), Colette Braeckmann (Le Soir), Jean Pierre Martin (RTL-TVI),… nabo bakoze akazi keza ko kugaragaza ukuri kw’imiterere nyayo ya Jenoside yakorerwaga Abatutsi.

Tunabonereho kugaya abanyamakuru batatiye umwuga wabo bakagoreka amateka n’ukuri kuri Jenoside yakorerwaga Abatutsi. Twavuga Stephen Smith (Le Monde), Pierre Péan (Marianne), Peter Verlinden (VRT), Padiri Guy Theunis (Dialogue),…

2)  INTWARO ZAGUZWE NA BAGOSORA ZAGEJEJWE I GOMA ZAMBUTSWA MU RWANDA ZIHABWA ABAJENOSIDERI

Bitewe nuko Guverinoma ya Kambanda yakoraga Jenoside, Inama y’Umuryango w’Abibumbye Ishinzwe Amahoro ku Isi yafashe icyemezo Numero 997 cyo ku wa 17/5/1994 cyo kuyikorera icyitwa « embargo » ni ukuvuga icyemezo kibuza ibihugu byose kongera kuyiha intwaro cyangwa kuyemerera kugura intwaro. Bimwe mu bihugu ntibyubahirije icyo cyemezo.

Guverinoma ya Kambanda nayo yakoresheje amayeri yo gukwepa icyo cyemezo kugira ngo ishobore gukomeza kugura intwaro n’amasusu byo gukoresha Jenoside. Ni muri urwo rwego, Koloneli Bagosora yagiye mu gihugu cya Seychelles kugura intwaro yihinduye umusilikare mukuru mu ngabo za Zayire (Kongo). Yifashishije umucuruzi ukomoka muri Afurika y’Epfo witwa Petrus Willem EHLERS wari uzobereye mu bucuruzi bw’intwaro. Guverinoma ya Kambanda yakoranye amasezerano nawe, akaba ari nawe amafranga yo kugura intwaro anyuzwaho.

Koloneli Bagosora na Ehlers bageze muri Seychelles ku wa 4/6/1994 batangira imishyikirano na sosiyete zaho igamije kugura toni 80 z’intwaro mu izina rya Minisiteri y’ingabo ya Zayire. Intwaro zaraguzwe zigera i Goma ku wa 13 Kamena 1994 zizanywe n’indege y’ingabo za Zayire. Indege yasubiyeyo inshuro ya kabiri ku wa 17 Kamena 1994 ndetse n’inshuro ya gatatu ku wa 19 Kamena 1994.

Icyemezo (cerfificat de vol) cy’indege cyemerera indege y’ingabo za Zayire kujya muri Seychelles kuzana izo ntwaro cyashyizweho umukono na Jenerali Baoko-Yoka wari Minisitiri wungirije wa Zayire muri Minisiteri y’ingabo y’icyo gihugu.

Izo ntwaro zose zagezwaga ku kibuga cy’indege cya Goma, zigapakururwa, zikoherezwa mu Rwanda. Liyetona Kolonel Anatole Nsengiyumva wari umuyobozi w’ingabo muri Gisenyi niwe woherezaga abasilikare n’Interahamwe bakajya kuzipakurura no kuzipakira imodoka zizizana mu Rwanda zigahabwa Interahamwe n’abasilikare ba Guverinoma ya Kambanda.

Isuzuma ryakozwe n’impuguke mu iperereza rijyanye n’izo ntwaro ryerekanye ko Ehlers ariwe wishyuwe na Banki Nkuru y’u Rwanda amafranga yaguze izo ntwaro, akanyuzwa kuri Konti N° 82113 CHEATA ya Ehlers iri mu Busuwisi muri Banki yitwa UBC (Union bancaire privée) iherereye mu Mujyi wa Lugano. Ayo mafranga yayishyuwe ku buryo bukurikira :

Ku wa 14 Kamena 1994, Ehlers yishyuwe amafranga 592.784$ y’amadolari y’Amerika avanywe kuri Konti ya Banki nkuru y’u Rwanda iri muri Banki yo mu Bufransa i Paris yitwa Banque Nationale de Paris (BNP) ;

Ku wa 15 Kamena 1994, Ehlers yishyuwe amafranga 180.000$ y’amadolari y’Amerika. Aya mafranga yatanzwe na Banki Nkuru y’u Rwanda ;

Ku wa 16 Kamena 1994, Ehlers yishyuwe amafranga 734.099$ y’amadolari y’Amerika avanywe kuri konti ya Banki Nkuru y’u Rwanda iri muri BNP i Paris ;

Ku wa 17 Kamena 1994, Ehlers yishyuwe amafranga 150.000$ by’amadolari y’Amerika yishyuwe na Banki Nkuru y’u Rwanda kimwe n’ayo ku wa 15 Kamena 1994.

Iby’igurwa ry’izo ntwaro no kubyishimira byaganiriweho mu nama za Guverinoma ya Kambanda zabaye ku matariki atandukanye hagati yo ku wa 9 Kamena na 17 Kamena 1994.

Koloneli Bagosora, mu rubanza rwe mu Rukiko Mpanabyaha Mpuzamahanga Rwashyiriweho u Rwanda, ku matariki ya 9 na 10 Ugushyingo 2005, yemeye ibirebana nuko yagiye muri Seychelles akagura izo ntwaro, zikazanwa i Goma ku matariki ya 14 na 16 Kamena 1994, hanyuma zikazanwa mu Rwanda.

Nta n’ukuntu Bagosora yari kubihakana kuko Urukiko rwamuhataga ibibazo rushingiye ku nyandiko rufite yashyizeho umukono we zerekana nez ako ariwe waziguze.

Ku itariki 3 Nyakanga 1994, Jean Kamanda nawe yemeye iby’igurwa ry’izo ntwaro. Mu kiganiro yahaye umunyamakuru Franck Johannes wandikaga mu kinyamakuru cyo mu Bufransa cyitwa Le Journal du Dimanche, Kambanda yabisobanuye muri aya magambo :

 « Intwaro zitugeraho, ibyo ni ukuri. Iyo bitaba ibyo ntabwo twari gushobora kuba tukirwana. Ubu ntangiye gusobanukirwa uburyo abantu batsinda intambara. Ikibazo cya Embargo nta mpungenge na nkeya kikiduteye nkuko byari bimeze mu kwezi gushize. »

UMWANZURO

Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi ifite ibimenyetso bihagije byerekana uburyo yateguwe na Leta kandi ikanayishyira mu bikorwa. Leta niyo yatanze amabwiriza yo kwica Abatutsi inatanga ibikoresho byo kuyikora. Abasilikare ba Leta bahawe amabwiriza yo gutoza abicanyi no gukora Jenoside aho kurinda abaturage. Hari abanyamahanga bafashije Leta y’abicanyi, ariko hari n’abanyamahanga bamenye ukuri baharanira kukumenyekanisha mu mahanga no gufasha abarokotse kongera kwiyubaka no kubaka u Rwanda.

Dr BIZIMANA Jean Damascène

Umunyamabanga Nshingwabikorwa

Komisiyo y’Igihugu yo Kurwanya Jenoside, CNLG